Who provides strategic direction of the U.S. armed forces and reviews key material and personnel requirements?

The correct answer is the Joint Chiefs. They are a group of senior military leaders who serve as the principal military advisors to the President, the Secretary of Defense, and other senior officials. Their role includes the strategic direction of the U.S. armed forces, ensuring that military operations align with national defense policies and objectives. Additionally, the Joint Chiefs are involved in reviewing and advising on key personnel and material requirements necessary for maintaining effective military readiness and capability.

While the Department of Defense oversees the overall administration and management of the military, it is the Joint Chiefs who specifically focus on the strategic military direction and operational readiness. The National Security Council plays a broader role in shaping national security policy but does not directly manage military strategy in the same way. The Defense Intelligence Agency primarily focuses on intelligence and assessments rather than broader military strategy or material requirements. Hence, the Joint Chiefs are specifically tasked with these responsibilities, making them the correct answer.